فقه المسبوق في صلاة الجمعة: دراسة وتخريج حديث رقم 1093 من المستدرك للحاكم النيسابوري

Abstract

This study examines Hadith number 1093 in al-Hakim's al-Mustadrak، focusing on the takhrij of the hadith، which includes an analysis of its chain of transmission (sanad) and text (matn)، as well as its fiqh implications regarding the ruling on a latecomer joining the Friday prayer. Using a descriptive-qualitative approach، this study traces the chain of transmission، evaluates the reliability of the narrators in terms of ‘adālah and Ḍabt، and verifies the continuity of the chain of transmission and the possibility of ‘illat or errors in the transmission. The study’s findings indicate that the hadith contains ‘illat in its chain of transmission (sanad) and text (matn)، particularly in the mention of the phrase “Friday prayer.” The authentic narration is the one that does not include this phrase. From a fiqh perspective، although this hadith contains an ‘illat، its substance remains relevant in fiqh because Friday prayer is essentially part of obligatory congregational prayer. Thus، one who performs one rak’ah with the imam in Friday prayer needs only to add one rak’ah، while one who does not must compensate with four rak’ahs of Zuhr prayer.