تفضيل صدقة الفقير على صدقة الغني

دراسة وتخريج حديث رقم 1539 من المستدرك للحاكم النيسابوري

Abstract

This study examines the hadith “Sabaka dirhamun mi’ata alfa dirham” recorded in Al-Mustadrak ‘ala al-Shahihayn by Imam Al-Hakim Al-Naysaburi (hadith no. 1539) through takhrij and critical analysis of its chains of transmission and text based on hadith scholarship methodology. The study highlights the Islamic perspective on the virtue of charity, emphasizing that merit is not determined by the amount of wealth given, but by sincerity, sacrifice, and the condition of the donor. This research employs a descriptive-analytical method with a library-based approach, collecting all available transmission routes of the hadith from primary sources, examining the reliability of narrators, analyzing discrepancies among narrations, and applying principles of preference (tarjih). The findings reveal that the hadith has multiple transmission routes, with differences mainly related to narrations from Zaid ibn Aslam, some of which are stronger than others according to hadith criticism principles. The study concludes that the meaning of the hadith is valid and supported by Islamic teachings, affirming that a small charity given by a poor person may surpass a large charity given by a wealthy person when accompanied by genuine sincerity and hardship.

Keywords: Charity, Takhrij, Mustadrak Al-Hakim Al-Naysaburi.