Publication Ethics

This journal is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and takes all possible measures against publication malpractice. Authors are required to ensure that their manuscripts are original, have not been published previously, and are not under consideration for publication elsewhere. All sources must be properly cited, and any form of plagiarism is strictly prohibited.

Editors are responsible for making publication decisions based on the manuscript’s academic merit, originality, clarity, and relevance to the journal’s scope, without discrimination. Reviewers are expected to conduct the peer review process objectively, maintain confidentiality, and disclose any potential conflicts of interest.

Any ethical misconduct, including plagiarism, data fabrication, falsification, or duplicate submission, will be handled in accordance with the journal’s ethical policies and may result in rejection or retraction of the published article.